What powers are reserved to the states under the U.S. Constitution that apply to Nevada?

The correct choice highlights the concept of federalism, which is a foundational principle in the U.S. Constitution. The Tenth Amendment to the Constitution explicitly states that powers not delegated to the federal government, nor prohibited to the states, are reserved to the states or to the people. This means that any powers that the federal government does not explicitly hold are available for the states to exercise.

In Nevada, as in other states, this empowers local authorities to legislate and govern in areas such as education, transportation, and health care. The application of this principle ensures that states can tailor their laws and regulations to the specific needs and circumstances of their residents, demonstrating the flexibility and adaptability of the federal system.

The other options do not accurately depict the relationship between the states and federal government as outlined by the Constitution. For instance, powers authorized by federal law are not reserved for states; instead, they are explicitly granted to the federal government. Similarly, powers withheld from state governments and those that require federal approval do not align with the idea of state sovereignty because they either limit state powers or impose federal oversight on state actions.